Funder requirements

Funding agencies are external organizations that contract with universities to sponsor research.​ Many funding agencies require sharing articles and/or data that results from research they fund.

Public access

​Many funding agencies require sharing articles and/or data resulting from research they fund. 

U of M researchers are responsible for knowing their relevant agency’s requirements and complying with them.

Authors should read publishing agreements and take action to ensure compliance. The Libraries provides more information on negotiating your rights and other no-cost open access options.

Please note the largest U.S. federal grant-funding agencies have established requirements for sharing  publications and data resulting from research conducted using federal grant funding. An August 2022 memorandum from the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy directed all federal bodies to update existing or draft new policies for immediate sharing of publications and data. 
There are no changes in public access requirements yet but new policies are required by January 1, 2026.  

Federal funders

The largest U.S. federal grant-funding agencies have public access policies outlining requirements for sharing publications and data resulting from research conducted using federal grant funding. These policies remain in effect. 

This space will be updated as new policies are put in place. Please contact the Libraries for assistance.

Agency Directorate Effective date Sharing requirement Sharing venue
DOD n/a 2015 Yes Defense Technical Information Center PubDefense
DOE n/a 2014 Yes OSTI Pages (video demonstration)
DoED IES 2012 Yes ERIC
DOT n/a 2015 Yes National Transportation Library
EPA n/a 2016 Yes PubMed Central
HHS AHRQ 2015 Yes PubMed Central
HHS ASPR 2015 Yes PubMed Central
HHS ACL 2016 Yes PubMed Central
HHS CDC 2013 Yes CDC Stacks and PubMed Central
HHS FDA 2015 Yes
HHS NIH 2008 Yes PubMed Central
ODNI n/a 2017 Yes Defense Technical Information Center PubDefense
NASA n/a 2015 Yes PubSpace
NIST n/a 2015 Yes PubMed Central
NOAA n/a 2016 Yes PubMed Central
NSF n/a 2016 Yes NSF Public Access Repository
Smithsonian n/a 2015 Yes Smithsonian Research Online
USDA n/a 2016 Yes PubAg
USAID n/a 2016 Yes Development Experience Clearinghouse
USGS n/a 2016 Yes Publications Warehouse
VA n/a 2015 Yes PubMed Central

* SciENV accepts ORCID. 

Other funding agencies

The public access requirements of selected foundations and other funders are summarized below.

Please contact the Libraries for assistance.

Agency Effective date Embargo allowed Sharing venue or other requirements
American Heart Association n.d. 12 months PubMed Central
Autism Speaks 2008 12 months PubMed Central
Children's Tumor Foundation 2015 n/a Drug Discovery Initiative Registered Reports
Ford Foundation 2015 n/a Creative Commons License required
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 2015 No Various openly accessible repository acceptable
Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation 2017 n/a Creative Commons License required
Hewlett Foundation n.d. n/a Creative Commons License required
Howard Hughes Medical Institute 2007 n/a PubMed Central
Laura and John Arnold Foundation 2017 n/a Preregistration with the Center for Open Science
MacArthur Foundation 2008 n/a Creative Commons License required
The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research 2020 n/a Articles must be posted in an open access preprint repository and published open access
Simmons Foundation 2017 n/a Encourages preprints at arXivor, bioRxiv, or publishing under open access licenses
Wellcome Trust 2017 No embargo allowed Creative Commons License required PubMed Central or Europe PMC

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Data

The 2013 Public Access to Federally Funded Research memo from the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) directed most grant-funding agencies to develop policy requirements public access to resulting articles and data. For more detailed information, including timelines for sharing, select an agency.

The Libraries can help you write and implement your data management plan to best meet funder requirements. You can also use our Data Repository for the University of Minnesota (DRUM) to meet federal funder requirements for data sharing.

Federal funders' responses to the OSTP memo:

Agency Directorate guidance Effective date DMP required Sharing venue
Department of Defense (DOD) n/a End of 2016 Yes “Established, publicly accessible institutional repositories”
Department of Energy (DoE) DOE Guide Oct 1, 2015 Yes "including the data as supplementary information to the published article, or through other means."
Department of Education (DoED) IES FY2016 Yes “existing data repository” or other approach*
Department of Transportation (DOT) n/a Dec. 31, 2015 Yes An appropriate data repository, and inventoried in the DoT Public Data Listing
Health and Human Services (HHS) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Oct. 2015 Yes TBD
Health and Human Services (HHS) Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR) Oct. 2015 Yes Publicly accessible databases
Health and Human Services (HHS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Oct. 2015 Yes Encourages the use of public repositories
Health and Human Services (HHS) Food and Drug Administration(FDA) Oct. 2015 Yes Publicly accessible, discipline specific repositories
Health and Human Services (HHS) National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revised plan implemented January 25, 2023 Yes Existing, publicly accessible repositories
National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA Guide Jan. 1, 2015 Yes Existing data repositories
NIST n/a Oct. 2015 Yes Publicly accessible databases
NOAA n/a 2015 Yes Existing NOAA data centers, other data repositories, interagency Research Data Commons
National Science Foundation (NSF) NSF Guide 2011 Yes “an appropriate repository”
Smithsonian n/a October 2015 Partial** Smithsonian Research Online, or approved external data repository
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) n/a January 2016 Yes USDA registry of datasets, other repository options
United States Geological Society (USGS) USGS Guide January 2016 Yes USGS Data Portal
Veterans Affairs (VA) n/a December 31, 2015 Yes Partner with HHS, NIH, FDA, and DoD on “effective mechanisms"

* Data must be available for at least 10 years

** Data management plan is required for digital projects

Department of Defense

DOD's Response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

DOD Principles and Operational Parameters of the DoD Scientific and Technical Information Program
"It is DoD policy under DoD Directive 3200.12 to establish and maintain a coordinated and comprehensive program to document the results and outcome of DoD-sponsored and/or performed research and engineering (R&E) and studies efforts and provide access to those efforts in an effective manner consistent with the DoD mission."

Department of Transportation

DOT's Response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

"In the DMP, researchers will propose their strategy(ies) to deposit Digital Data Sets resulting from DOT-funded Scientific Research in a repository that enables and allows for Public Access and sharing.... All Digital Data Sets subject to this plan will be inventoried in the DOT Public Data Listing, whether performed by intramural or extramural researchers."

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CDC's Response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

CDC Policy on Sharing Data

"The purpose of CDC’s data release/sharing policy is to ensure that (1) CDC routinely provides data to its partners for appropriate public health purposes and (2) all data are released and/or shared as soon as feasible without compromising privacy concerns, federal and state confidentiality concerns, proprietary interests, national security interests, or law enforcement activities."

Department of Education

DOE's Response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

Institute of Education Sciences (IES) data sharing policy
"The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) expressed its commitment to advancing education research through the sharing of scientific data collected through its grant-funded research programs. The purpose of this data sharing implementation guide is to describe how this policy will be implemented and to provide guidance to grant applicants".

National Institutes of Health

NIH's Response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

NIH Data Sharing Policy (updated for 2023)

For grants over $500,000, a data sharing plan must be included in the grant application and incorporated as a term and condition of the award. Final Research Data "should be made as widely and freely available as possible while safeguarding the privacy of participants, and protecting confidential and proprietary data".

National Institute of Standards and Technology

NIST Response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

NIST Guidelines, Information Quality Standards, and Administration Mechanism

Per NIST, grantees are not subject to the data sharing guidelines listed in the "NIST Guidelines..." document unless NIST directly distributes the data.

United States Department of Agriculture

USDA's Response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)
The NIFA requires a DMP will all research. They state: "Increased access to scientific research results (e.g., scholarly publications, digital data sets) from NIFA funded projects is critical to achieving NIFA’s vision to catalyze transformative discoveries, education, and engagement to address agricultural challenges. Therefore, an appropriate data management plan (DMP) should be a core component of research planning for proposals submitted to NIFA."

US Department of Veterans Affairs

VA Policy and Implementation Plan (July 2015) in response to the 2013 OSTP Public Access Memo

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